Checklist: Dutch Style Rules Setup Done Right

Dreaming of a lush, vibrant aquascape that wows at first sight? The Dutch style aquascape is a true classic—celebrated for its layered stem plants, neatly structured rows, and stunning color contrasts. But achieving that perfect Dutch look isn’t just about tossing in some plants and hoping for the best. There are specific Dutch style aquascaping rules to follow. In this comprehensive checklist, we break down every step to help you set up a Dutch style aquarium the right way and enjoy aquascaping success.

What is Dutch Style Aquascaping?

Originating in the Netherlands, Dutch style aquascaping is a planted tank tradition that dates back to the 1930s. Unlike nature aquascapes, Dutch designs are all about organized rows and terraces of distinct plant groups, with little to no hardscape visible. One glance at a well-maintained Dutch tank and you’ll see why this style remains a time-tested favorite in the aquarium hobby.

If you’re new to aquascaping, check out our detailed guide on aquascaping for beginners first to get your fundamentals down before trying your hand at the Dutch style.

Essential Dutch Style Rules: The Ultimate Checklist

The secret to a stunning Dutch aquascape is in the details. Use this checklist at every stage to ensure your setup stays true to Dutch style tradition.

1. Prepare Your Aquarium and Equipment

Choose a tank size of at least 75 liters (20 gallons) or larger for ample plant groups.
Pick a filter with excellent water flow for plant health.
Invest in high-quality, adjustable aquarium lighting (preferably with a color spectrum suited for plants).
Install a reliable CO₂ injection system and monitor levels.
Set up a nutrient-rich substrate to support vigorous plant growth.
Have liquid fertilizers on hand for dosing macro- and micronutrients.

2. Plan Your Layout: Rows, Layers, and Terracing

Sketch a design to organize plant groups (use 7–12 distinct plant species for variety).
Create visible “streets” or contrasting rows of plants, typically 3–5 species per row.
Arrange tallest plants at the back, medium height in the middle, and low-growing or carpeting plants at the front.
Use terracing with subtle elevation changes for visual depth, not a flat landscape.
Keep open space (“sand path” or open foreground) to enhance perspective.

3. Follow Key Dutch Style Planting Rules

No hardscape dominance: Only accent stones and minimal driftwood are allowed (usually less than 10% coverage).
One species per group: Each “street” or group contains only a single plant species, with clear separations.
Contrast colors and leaf shapes: Alternate rows of red and green plants, or round and fine-leaved species, for eye-catching contrast.
Limit repetition: Avoid repeating the same plant species throughout the aquascape.
Curtain effect: Use taller, bushier plants at the back for a layered “curtain” look.

4. Dutch Style Plant Selection Checklist

Include a variety of classic Dutch plants, such as:
- Ludwigia repens
- Rotala rotundifolia
- Hygrophila polysperma
- Alternanthera reineckii
- Pogostemon stellatus
- Cryptocoryne species
- Limnophila sessiliflora
Choose at least 3 species with red tones for vibrant contrast.
Select plants with a mix of leaf shapes and sizes (fine, round, narrow, broad).
Ensure most plants share similar growth requirements (lighting, CO₂, nutrients) for easier maintenance.

5. Planting and Maintenance Tips

Plant in tight, dense groups; trim regularly for bushy, compact growth.
Frequent pruning is crucial! Trim stems weekly to maintain shape and encourage side growth.
Dose liquid fertilizers daily or according to the needs of your chosen species.
Regular water changes (30-50% weekly) keep the tank healthy and prevent algae issues.
Monitor for nutrient deficiencies (yellowing leaves, stunted growth) and adjust dosing as needed.

6. Aquascaping Contest Considerations

If you plan to enter your Dutch tank in a contest, stick closely to NBAT (Dutch Aquascape Society) guidelines.
Write detailed plant lists and label species for judges.
Take photos from the front with perfect lighting for best results.

Common Dutch Style Mistakes (and How to Avoid Them)

Too much hardscape: Keep rocks and wood to a minimum—plants are the stars!
Lack of contrast: Avoid planting similar colors/shapes together. Alternate for variety.
Chaotic layout: Stick to clear rows and avoid overcrowding.
Neglecting maintenance: Sloppy trimming leads to a wild look. Prune often!

Bring Your Dutch Aquascape to Life

Crafting a successful Dutch style aquarium is truly an art form—one where careful planning, plant knowledge, and routine trimming pay off with vibrant colors and stunning underwater gardens. If you want to dive deeper or tackle other styles, visit our popular guide on hardscape aquascaping basics or explore our plant care tips for ongoing success.

Ready to transform your tank into a Dutch masterpiece? Download our printable Dutch style checklist and get growing! Share your aquascape progress with the Aquascaping Academy community and inspire others with your aquascaping journey. Happy planting!